{"id":27596,"date":"2026-08-31T18:41:55","date_gmt":"2026-08-31T22:41:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mmcereais.com.br\/2026\/feijao\/feijao-proteja-a-lavoura-dos-efeitos-do-excesso-de-chuva\/"},"modified":"2026-08-31T18:41:55","modified_gmt":"2026-08-31T22:41:55","slug":"feijao-proteja-a-lavoura-dos-efeitos-do-excesso-de-chuva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mmcereais.com.br\/en\/2026\/feijao\/feijao-proteja-a-lavoura-dos-efeitos-do-excesso-de-chuva\/","title":{"rendered":"Beans: protect your crop from the effects of excessive rain."},"content":{"rendered":"

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Excessive rainfall in bean<\/a> It can cause waterlogging, promote diseases, and hinder harvesting, but the impacts can be reduced with planting planning, proper area selection, drainage, and integrated management of soil, plants, and diseases throughout the cycle.\n<\/p>\n

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The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is sensitive to both lack and excess of water. During prolonged rainy periods, common in several Brazilian regions between spring and summer, soil saturation reduces the availability of oxygen to the roots and increases the risk of phytosanitary problems. Since beans are cultivated at different times of the year, both in rainfed and irrigated areas, the strategy to cope with excess water needs to begin before planting and continue until harvest.<\/p>\n

When the soil remains waterlogged, the roots breathe less and the absorption of water and nutrients is impaired. In anaerobic conditions, compounds harmful to the root system can also form. Excess water also favors the formation of shallow and fragile roots, in addition to increasing susceptibility to pathogens such as Rhizoctonia, Pythium, and Sclerotinia.<\/p>\n

Stress caused by waterlogging can lead to flower and pod drop and cause unevenness in the crop, especially in lower-lying areas prone to water accumulation. The effects can be seen in productivity, grain quality, and disease control costs. In certain situations, excess moisture can also make mechanized harvesting unfeasible.<\/p>\n

During germination and emergence, waterlogged seeds may take longer to germinate or may rot. Heavy rainfall over poorly structured soils also favors the formation of surface crusts, hindering emergence. Another risk is increased damping-off, caused by soil pathogens.<\/p>\n

During vegetative growth, waterlogging can reduce root depth and increase the likelihood of lodging. Reduced nutrient absorption efficiency can also lead to symptoms similar to nutritional deficiencies. Furthermore, with canopy closure in humid environments, the pressure from foliar diseases increases.<\/p>\n

During flowering and grain filling, the risks of leaf spots, rust, anthracnose, and wilting increase. In situations of intense stress, flower abortion may occur, as well as greater variation in grain size and weight. In the pre-harvest and harvest phases, high humidity increases the possibility of deterioration, spots, and sprouting of grains while still in the pods. Lodging can also increase losses in the field.<\/p>\n

The first step in reducing damage is to consider the region's climate history and soil characteristics. The planting season should be planned, whenever possible, to avoid periods of higher risk of heavy rainfall.<\/p>\n

The choice of location is also important. Plots with good natural drainage should be prioritized, while low-lying areas prone to water accumulation require more attention.<\/p>\n

Soil type should be factored into the planning. Clayey soils tend to retain more water, while well-structured soils with adequate organic matter content offer better drainage.<\/p>\n

It is also necessary to assess the history of diseases. Areas with occurrences of root rot and wilting require extra attention during rainy periods. Well-managed no-till farming systems, crop rotation, and soil cover can help regulate infiltration and reduce surface waterlogging.<\/p>\n

In areas with drainage problems, planning runoff channels can help remove excess surface water. In flat soils or those with a history of waterlogging, surface drainage structures should be considered. Ridges, contour lines, and channels can help guide water flow.\n<\/p>\n

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In regions with very shallow groundwater and prolonged saturation, subsurface drainage systems may be considered, provided they are designed by a qualified professional. Soil preparation also requires care. Subsoiling or intensive tillage operations under high moisture conditions can lead to compaction in deeper layers and hinder infiltration and root development.<\/p>\n

Maintaining adequate levels of calcium and organic matter contributes to soil aggregation, promoting infiltration and reducing surface runoff. The adoption of no-till farming combined with crop rotation also favors the formation of biopores and a more stable structure, helping to distribute water evenly.<\/p>\n

Soil analysis should serve as the basis for corrections and should be carried out prior to planting. Applications of soil amendments and fertilizers must also consider the risk of runoff losses. Furthermore, mechanized operations on saturated soil should be avoided to prevent compaction.<\/p>\n

Choosing the right crop material is another tool for coping with rainy periods. Cultivars with a more upright plant architecture can reduce pod contact with moist soil, decreasing the risk of rotting. Earlier-maturing varieties can also reduce the crop's exposure time to critical rainy periods, depending on the region and sowing season. When available, cultivars with greater resistance to the main soil and foliar diseases common in humid environments should be prioritized.<\/p>\n

Seed quality is equally important. Seeds with high germination and vigor are better able to overcome challenges during emergence. Treating seeds with fungicides registered for the crop, as per the product label, is considered one of the most effective measures against soil pathogens favored by excess moisture. In areas with a history of root diseases, this precaution becomes even more important.<\/p>\n

Very high densities promote rapid canopy closure, reducing air circulation and prolonging the leaf wetness period. Therefore, a uniform distribution of plants and well-defined rows help with air and light penetration and promote foliage drying after rain.<\/p>\n

Weed control also needs to be planned. High infestations increase humidity within the canopy and hinder air circulation, creating favorable conditions for disease development. During very rainy periods, access to areas for weeding or herbicide application may be limited, reinforcing the need for advance planning.<\/p>\n

Nutrition must remain balanced. Well-nourished plants, especially in potassium and micronutrients, tend to have stronger cell walls and better tolerance to stress. During periods of excessive rainfall, nutrient leaching can occur. Monitoring through soil analysis and, when possible, leaf analysis, helps in making decisions for subsequent crops.\n<\/p>\n

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Warm and humid environments favor diseases such as anthracnose, rust, wilt, and pod and grain rot. Crop rotation can reduce the inoculum population in the soil and crop residues by alternating beans with grasses and other species that are not hosts of the main pathogens.<\/p>\n

The use of healthy seeds is also important, as some diseases can be transmitted through seeds. The use of certified seeds reduces the risk of introducing pathogens into the area. During rainy periods, monitoring should be constant. Frequent inspection allows for the identification of initial symptoms and, together with the agronomist, the assessment of the need for chemical control measures.<\/p>\n

When indicated by a qualified professional, fungicide application must strictly follow the label and package insert, including safety intervals and appropriate application conditions. After harvest, managing crop residues can help reduce sources of inoculum for the following crop, especially in areas with high disease pressure.<\/p>\n

In the pre-harvest phase, assessing the ideal point for harvesting is essential. Delays during periods of frequent rain increase the risk of blemished grains, sprouting in the pods, and field losses. Machinery must also be adjusted to the area's conditions. In wet soils, cutting speed and height need to be appropriate to reduce losses and avoid excessive soil erosion.<\/p>\n

Machine traffic on saturated soil should be avoided because it can damage the soil structure, hinder future harvests, and increase susceptibility to waterlogging. After harvesting, drying must be conducted correctly to prevent grain deterioration and fungal growth during storage.<\/p>\n

Controlling the effects of excessive rainfall depends on a combination of different practices. No-till farming, crop rotation, and cover crops contribute to improving soil structure, facilitating infiltration, and reducing surface runoff and puddle formation. In irrigated areas, water management also needs to be adjusted. During rainy periods, the irrigation depth should be adequate to the crop's needs, avoiding the supply of more water than necessary.<\/p>\n

Since beans can be grown at different times of the year, annual planning also allows for distributing plantings to reduce, whenever possible, exposure to the typical periods of heavy rainfall in each region.<\/p>\n

Decisions regarding the use of pesticides, including fungicides for seed treatment or foliar applications, must be made based on an agronomic prescription issued by an agricultural engineer. Products must be used according to label and package insert instructions, respecting dosages, registered crops, safety intervals, and withdrawal periods. During handling and application, it is mandatory to use personal protective equipment and comply with current legislation.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

THE MM Cereais<\/strong> works with the best grains on the market and also keeps you up to date with the latest news and analyses on agribusiness.
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